Transmission

West Nile virus exists in nature through a transmission cycle involving
mosquitoes and birds. Mosquitoes become infected with West Nile virus when they feed on infected birds, which may carry the virus in their blood for a few days. Infected mosquitoes can then transmit West Nile virus to humans and animals when biting to take a blood meal. In rare instances, West Nile virus may be transmitted from human to human through organ donation, blood transfusion, breastfeeding, or from pregnant mother to fetus. These new modes of transmission account for only a small number of cases. WNV is NOT spread by casual contact such as kissing or touching a person infected with the virus.

---

Precautions

Mosquitoes can breed in as little as 1/4 inch of water. In addition to the personal protective measures listed above, Cedar Hill citizens should take the following precautions to reduce mosquito-breeding sites around their homes and businesses.

• Remove all discarded tires from your property. If tire removal is not possible, puncture or cut tires to prevent water from collecting in them.
• Dispose of tin cans, plastic containers, ceramic pots, or similar water-holding containers.
• Make sure roof gutters drain properly. Clean clogged gutters in the spring and fall.
• Clean and chlorinate swimming pools, outdoor saunas, and hot tubs. If not in use, keep empty and covered.
• Drain water from pool covers.
• Change the water in birdbaths at least once a week.
• Turn over plastic wading pools and wheelbarrows when not in use.
• Eliminate any standing water that collects on your property.
• Remind or help neighbors to eliminate breeding sites on their property.
• Check for trapped water in plastic or canvas tarps used to cover boats, pools, etc. Arrange the tarp to allow water to drain.
• Pump out bilges in boats. Store canoes and small boats upside down.
• Remove outdoor pet food and water dishes that are not being used.
• Flush livestock water troughs twice a week.
• Do not leave garbage can lids lying upside down. Be sure water does not collect in the bottom of garbage cans or recycle bins.
• Check around construction sites or do-it-yourself improvements to ensure that proper backfilling and grading prevent drainage problems.
• Check ornamental ponds, tree holes, and water-holding low areas for mosquito larvae.